Only if we could know how far we are from a star

Lakshya Pratap Monga
3 min readJan 22, 2022

As humans, we can measure our mass by standing on the weighing machine (it tells mass, not weight) and and size by a meter scale or foot scale but the question here arises how do we calculate mass and size of objects which are far away from our mother Earth.

Like calculating the mass of stars in our galaxy, Milky Way or calculating the mass of planets far away from us.

Or calculating the actual size of stars far away from us like in the Andromeda Galaxy or M86 galaxy.

Calculating the Mass and Size is 3 step process applying both basic Optics (physics of light/electromagnetic radiation) or Angular and Triangular Mathematics.

Before Starting, see the below picture (without questioning anything right now, answers would be given further)

After seeing this, we derive that the Stellar Object is:

  • P = Stellar Object
  • AP= Distance from point A from Earth to P
  • BP= Distance from point B from Earth to P
  • b = Mid-Point of A and B
  • D = Distance from b to P
  • θ = ∠APb OR ∠BPb

Establishing all the variables here, we can calculate the distance of Stellar Object using Basic Trigonometry. We know the distance Ab (distance between midpoint and A). And we know the angle made by Stellar Object Point A and b (mid-point). Using:

tanθ = A-b (distance between midpoint and A point) / b-P (distance between Earth and Stellar Object)

Here we can easily calculate the distance between Earth and Star with 10th Grade Mathematics.

What about the mass?

After calculating the precise distance between the Stellar Object and mother Earth, we can easily figure out velocity of the Stellar Object travelling across the universe. There is majorly single force that is making the Stellar Object move, it is Gravitational Force (attractive force between 2 objects at distance).

It is effected by the Mass of Stellar Object and object’s size.

More Mass = More Gravitational Force, More Size = Less Gravitational Force

After observing, we can directly interpret the stellar object’s velocity without any use of complex Physics Formula, just from

  • triangular mathematics (already used to calculate the actual size of stellar object)
  • simple ratio (appearance from earth vs actual size)
  • speed-time relation.

After calculating the Mass and Size of the stellar object, we can calculate the :

  • Gravitational Acceleration on the Object itself
  • Gravitational Influence from other objects nearby.
  • Nearby Stellar Object parameters.

If we can calculate the Mass and Size of a single Stellar Object, it would take less time to calculate the mass of another star close to the original calculated Stellar Object.

Second Way of Calculating the Distance using Light instead of Angles is… (next story in the list)

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