Are we putting enough efforts to detect the undetected?

Detection being the prime focus in the Dark Matter Community, for the past 3 decades, the efforts couldn’t possibly exceed. The fundamental basis to detect the highlighted lies in the moment when it interacts with the Electromagnetic Field directly.

Research, Theorizing, Analysis, Funding, Engineering and Installation, considered as the primary steps are required to set up a full fledged Dark Matter Detector. Both the Engineering and Physics division play have played a spectacular role for the past three decades. Unfortunately, Spectacular isn’t the only requirement here. Dark Matter Detection wasn’t the responsibility of Experimental Physicists only. Both Experimental Physicists and Astrophysicists play a significant role to achieve the same; Although their findings are far from similar.

Significance of the Astrophysical Data contribute the most to the Indirect Detection

Gamma Rays, a term Marvel Audience would be familiar with, is what Scientist or Enthusiasts call as the Electromagnetic Radiation with the highest possible energy. Considered as the basis for many Experiments in Physics, Dark Matter Detection is no exception at all.

Particle Collision offers some highlights in the Astrophysical Dark Matter Community. Allow me to explain what exactly the notion of Particle Collision convey:

Leveraging the Displacement Reaction we studied in Chemistry, consider the simplest reaction,

Zn + HCL — > ZnCl + H₂.

Here 2 reactants react with each other and form two different products with completely different chemical and physical characteristics. The same thing happens with 2 particles when they collide.

Particles post-collision transform into something completely different post-collision and lose their initial characteristics along with leaving some residue.

The transformation being another set of particles with combined momentum less than the initial — Momentum of First Particle + Momentum of Second particle and the residue being Gamma Rays itself.

Particles which comprise Dark Matter not being much distinct from the Baryonic Matter except the distinction I mentioned previously, undergo the same process when collide with each other: Gamma Rays and Lower-Mass Particles. A similar process may occur in case of Particle Decay. Post-Particle Decay, the same would tend to undergo a transformation to Standard Model Particles not excluding the probability of other particles. Gamma Rays wouldn’t been an exception to this process.

If the observation overlaps the predictions, indirect detection would confirm the existence of the former.

Xenon1t Experiment for Dark Matter Particle Detection

While Astrophysical Data may provide promising insights for Dark Matter Detection, experiments based on the ground itself aren’t an exception to do the same as former. Maintaining top notch Sanitization, Fail-Safe Methods, low temperatures, least Environmental-Interference and Human-Contact increases the probability of the direct detection of the highlighted.

Leveraging the phenomena of Particle Collision, detectors are designed and engineered. Underground Chambers being the most suitable locations for setting up the detector, it negates Environmental-Interference comprising Dust and Noise Pollution. Xenon, a noble has is utilized as the elemental basis of similar kind of experiments.

What are the scientists waiting for regarding these detectors?

Scientists are held back by a the unhappening of a single anomaly which would follow the confirmation of the former. Scientists are waiting for Dark Matter to interact with Baryonic Matter in these detectors, inducing an abnormal activity in the nucleus of Xenon. Photomultipliers (PMTs), a component in the detector is responsible for the detection and magnification of the abnormality.

Predictively after the interaction, a glow of light is produced with specific parametric values. The overlapping of the predictions and the observations would be followed by the public announcement of the detection of Dark Matter after more than a century.

While more efforts are still being planned, more and more theories that explain the Gravitational Anomaly aren’t stopping.

Many questions still remain unanswered but a question is the only thing that pushes the human race forward!!

This was Dark Matter, simply explained!!

The answer to these questions you may find in the next story, or you curiosity!!

Thanks for reading till here, awesomely high-five 🙌🙌. Have a great day ahead!!